InsyaAllah...This is Deutschland!
A country with a population of 82.5 million people,
of which 2 million are Muslims, mainly Turks and Kurds.
Neuschwanstein Castle, Southern Germany
Donau River
Bavarian Alps, Munich
Weitsee, Bavaria
Donau River
Tulips, Germany
Gilching, Bavaria
Berlin, Germany
Berlin
Bonn
Munich
Frankfurt
Lake in a mountain
Lets learn a li'l bit of German history..esp concerning its
dictator Chancellor..~ Hitler!
History should always fascinate us..coz its important.
The Third Reich
Hitler had promised to build a Third Reich,
successor to the Holy Roman and Hohenzollern
empires, which would last a thousand years.
As chancellor, he began the "coordination"
(Gleichschaltung) of every aspect of German life.
Young persons were organized in semimilitary
groups (the Hitlerjugend) and were indoctrinated
with the Nazi creed.
The powers of the state governments were abolished,
and the adherents of National Socialism from 1934
made up the sole legal party. Hitler's opponents within the party
including Ernst Roehm were eliminated in the "Blood Purge" of
June, 1934.
The Gestapo (the secret police) quashed open discontent amongthe German people. Many scientists, artists, educators, and scholars
followed the Nazi doctrines without much protest, and some Germans
welcomed what they considered the rebirth of German strength. After
the death of Hindenburg (1934), the offices of president and chancellor
were combined in the person of the Führer [leader] of the Nazi party.
In 1935, the Nuremberg Laws deprived Jews of citizenship, forbade
marriage between Jews and non-Jewish Germans, and barred Jews
from the liberal professions. In order to coordinate cultural affairs,
the radio, press, cinema, and theater came under the control of
propaganda minister Goebbels, who raised Hitler to the status of
a quasi-divinity. Jews and others (especially those holding liberal
or leftist political beliefs) made outcasts by the Nazi regime were
harassed, and some were placed in concentration campsHitler attempted to make Germany economically self-sufficient,
and industry, commerce, and foreign trade were strictly supervised
by the government. Labor unions were dissolved, and workers were
organized in a state-controlled labor front. In order to ease
unemployment and to prepare for war, Hitler expanded the
armaments industry, increased the size of the armed forces, and
sponsored large-scale public works (e.g., the construction of a
network of superhighways, the Autobahnen). Hermann Goering
Wilhelm was a leading protagonist of German rearmament and
preparations for war. Albert Speer Speer, Albert (äl`bĕrt shpār),
1905–81, German architect and National Socialist (Nazi) leader
was at first Hitler's official architect; during World War II he
assumed important posts as minister for armaments and later as
chief planner of the war economy.
In Oct., 1933, Hitler withdrew from the Geneva Disarmament
Conference and from the League of Nations. In Mar., 1936,
Germany remilitarized the Rhineland in violation of the Treaty
of Versailles and the Locarno Pact. Hitler followed this by
concluding an alliance with Fascist Italy (see Axis Axis, coalition
of countries headed by Germany, Italy, and Japan, 1936–45
(see World War II ). The expression "Rome-Berlin axis"
originated in Oct., 1936, with an accord reached by Hitler and
Mussolini by interfering in the Spanish Civil War (1936–39)
in support of the Insurgents led by Franco, and by annexing Austria
(Mar., 1938). Outside Germany, fifth columns were used to
undermine the governments of nations that Hitler sought to
annex in order to increase the Lebensraum [living space] of the
Germans. The Munich Pact (Sept., 1938) marked the culminaton
of British and French attempts to appease Germany in the hope
that Hitler had limited aims.
In Mar., 1939, Germany marched into Czechoslovakia, thus
violating the Munich agreements, and also annexed Memel, on
the Baltic coast.
On Aug. 23, 1939, in a surprise move, Germany and the USSR
signed a nonaggression pact and other agreements.
On Sept. 1, 1939, cutting short negotiations on the status of Danzig
(Gdańsk) and the Polish Corridor, Hitler invaded Poland, thus
precipitating World War II.
In the early years of the war Germany had great success; its
conquests included Poland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the
Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, the Balkan states, and
Greece. Great Britain, particularly London and other industrial
areas, was subjected to massive German air attacks
(the Battle of Britain Battle of Britain, in World War II, series
of air battles between Great Britain and Germany, fought over
Britain from Aug. to Oct., 1940. As a prelude to a planned
invasion of England, Germany attacked British coastal
defenses, radar stations, and shipping. On Aug., as a prelude to
invasion, but the island successfully withstood the onslaught
and was not invaded.
In June, 1941, Hitler launched a vast offensive against the
USSR, his former ally. In Dec., 1941, shortly after the
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Germany declared war
on the United States.
In 1942, the tide of the war began to turn against Germany;
the Allies scored successes in North Africa, the USSR stopped
the German army at Stalingrad (now Volgograd
(vôlgəgrät`), formerly Stalingrad, city (1989).
..... Click the link for more information. ), and British and
U.S. airplanes began the massive terror bombing of German
cities. As its fortunes waned, Germany treated its remaining
conquered territories more harshly. Millions of Jews and many
other civilians were sent to concentration camps and exterminated,
vast slave-labor systems were organized, and many thousands
were deported to Germany for forced labor. By early 1945,
Germany was being invaded from the west and the east, and
most of its cities lay in ruins. On Apr. 30, 1945, with the total
collapse of Germany imminent, Hitler committed suicide.
Postwar Germany
Hitler's successor, Admiral Karl Doenitz ( 1891–1980, German
admiral.) signed (May 7–8, 1945) an unconditional surrender
to the Allies, whose military commanders assumed the functions
of government in Germany. The agreements of the
Yalta Conference (Yalta Conference, meeting ~ Feb. 4–11, 1945),
at Yalta, Crimea, USSR, of British Prime Minister Winston
Churchill, U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and
Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin (Feb., 1945) were implemented at
the Potsdam Conference(July–Aug., 1945). These agreements
were to be tentative, pending a peace conference, but as no
peace conference was held, they tended to shape the course
of German history after 1945.
Wassalam
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